Preparation of seeds for sowing: how to increase yields by 30% with the use of aerosol separator

One of the main factors, affecting the future yield, is seed grain and its characteristics. Sowing a biologically calibrated valuable grain increases the yield up to 30%. Separators are usually used to select the seeds of the required quality. The principle of operation of such equipment is based on the physic-mechanical differences of the components of the grain mass – shape, size, wind resistance, elasticity, electromagnetic and other properties.

Despite the abundance of parameters, by which the grain and impurities are divided, three of them are mainly used: size, mass and wind resistance. On the basis of these indicators, machines with the sieve, aerodynamic and gravitational principles of separation are used. These types of grain separators are popular among farmers.

The work of the aerodynamic separator is based on the cleaning and separation of grain into fractions using airflow, without using of sieves. About advantages and features of this type of separators, Pavel Fiut, the electrical supervisor of the Kharkiv grain cleaning equipment, told for the representatives of FarmerScan:

“Aerodynamic separators work with almost all types of crops, from flax seeds, carrot, mustard seeds to large legumes. In such way the primary cleaning, calibration and preparation of seeds are carried out. The capacity of the ISM-5 separator during primary purification is rated up to 5 tons per hour. It is up to 2.5 tons per hour for wheat during the process of calibrating and preparing seeds”.

During functioning of the machine, the grain mass from the tanker is delivered into the separation chamber with uniform flow. With the help of air, light impurity are removed from it, and the grain is divided into fractions depending on the mass, size and shape.

“In the first two boxes – larger and heavier grains. In the following boxes, the grain is smaller. The last two boxes contain feeder grain, which is used for the preparation of feeds",ؘ – demonstrates the work of the separator Pavel Fiut.

In addition to ease of use, aerodynamic separators consume less electricity. In 2018, the ISM-5 separator was added to the “National Register of Records” as the minimum energy-consuming machine.

“The machine processes 5 tons of grain per hour with an energy consumption of 0.4 kW per hour. This is a high rate on our market. The unit uses not a centrifugal fan, but an impeller system. This and other innovative technologies have reduced energy consumption by 4 times. Also, the separator is equipped with a cyclone-sedimentary chamber, which is developed to clean the incoming air from dust and sweepings, which allows to work in enclosed spaces without additional cleaning systems".

In addition to seed preparation, with the help of an aerodynamic separator, the grain cleaning, grain separation, grain mixture grading are carried out. In such way, the farmer, who gets the crops, can prepare the grain for sale or select the seed with the best coming-up ability.